Campaigning Austria in 1805

In reality the poor Austrians had a terrible time of 1805. It was a war the general populace and military neither wanted nor needed. War with France was inevitable, but the re organisation and finances of Austria were unfit to support the campaign. There was so much politics and just plain foolishness in the Austrians that is very difficult to bring out in a wargame.

Could the Austrians have won the 1805 campaign against Napoleon? I believe so, but the road to victory was a road completely foreign to the Austrian way of thinking. Historically, it would have been possible only if the French had made more mistakes than the Austrians. Fortunately for the gamer, you have the opportunity to be co ordinated without political interference, to deny the French fully stocked depots when you retreat, and to keep your forces together in more logical dispositions.

Leadership

For the time being Elan does not cover any particular leader's details and faults, so having to deal with bad leadership of your brigades on the table is not a concern for your army. They will tend to listen to your orders and carry them out as effectively a possible. In general terms only a novice will be playing at a level equivalent to the actual field commanders in the Bavarian side of the campaign. The player therefore has a distinct advantage over his historical predecessors.

Scouting

Within the Bavarian part of the campaign the cavalry performed their scouting duty abysmally. Whether this is the fault of the horsemen or their high level direction is not overly clear. Certainly at times they performed their duty well enough but were ignored, such as Auffenberg did at Wertingen until it was too late. The splitting of horse regiments into two squadron parts spread amongst the brigades probably did not help either. For campaigning in Bavaria, assume the Austrians have no capable cavalry commanders and even worse are generally inept. Therefore you will not accrue any scouting points from generals, and may actually deduct points for bad commanders such as Mack and Auffenberg. For this campaign, the French ran rings around the Austrians as the leadership were basically completely unwilling to accept the way the modern French army actually operated in the field. For the most part, in strategic terms, the French were always coming at them when and where they least expected it. The other fields of operation - Tyrol, Italy and the Austrian retreat are treated as per the campaign rules.

Movement

The Austrian army was slow. Short of horses, and with extensive baggage trains they pressed on into Bavaria very slowly. Movement was further curtailed by the inability of the generals to even imagine forced marches.

Supply

The Austrians started the war under supplied and finished it no better. Some battalions went into battle with very limited ammunition, and a number surrendered once they had ran out. They were also critically short of food and equipment in Bavaria, their initial hope of the Bavarians joining them further complicating issues. They were also required to supply the Russian army as it approached, and once they did arrive, found them to be overly unsupplied as well. Throughout the retreat from Bavaria, the Austrian leaders consistently abandoned fully stocked stores and towns to the following French. For example, the evacuation of Vienna took a lot of state items, but left the military warehouses behind fully stocked and barely defended. These consistent incidents gave the pursuing French army a much needed supply of food and war materials to maintain their supplies, and no doubt aided the French to continue the fight all the way to Austerlitz without getting bogged down too far or high rates of attrition. The Austrians were their own worst enemy in this regard.

The Russians

The Russians were the only allies from the Third Coalition to put troops into the field to combat Napoleon alongside Austria. Their numbers were too low, they were too poorly equipped and supplied, and their leadership was certainly not inspired. After Mack's loss in Bavaria, the Russians also tended to despise the Austrians and their movement through the lands of Austria was certainly not a pleasant experience for the locals. Memories of the Russian path through Austria in the 1800 war, where they treated the Austrian countryside as though it was hostile territory and basically plundered it, were still fresh in the minds of the populace. When the French arrived in Vienna some citizens were more than happy it was them rather than the Russians who turned up. Militarily, the Russian took overall command of the retreat through Austria. They had little time for their Austrian advisers, and thought little of their troops and probably even the country.